Why Cutting Food Waste is Key to a Climate-ready Food System

We are only beginning to see what rising temperatures mean for our food system. One thing is clear, WRAP’s director of food system transformation, unless we act now, our ability to feed ourselves affordably and sustainably will come under increasing pressure. 

The extreme temperatures this summer are a warning of what is to come as our climate changes: hotter summers, more frequent flooding and drought and increasingly unpredictable growing conditions. The Met Office recently said that temperatures once considered “extreme” are becoming “the new normal”, with the hottest day of the year now more than 4.5C warmer in parts of south-east England than between 1961 and 1990.

The good news is that one of the most effective solutions is already hiding in plain sight. Better management of the food we already produce, particularly preventing food waste, can make our food system more resilient while reducing emissions, saving money and helping safeguard food supplies in a changing climate. 

Climate change is already affecting every stage of the food system. In July, retail fridges across the UK, designed to operate at temperatures up to 32oC, struggled as thermometers climbed into the high thirties, resulting in food waste and disruption – while the ecosystems supplying those fridges showed even clearer signs of stress. 

Last year, England experienced its second-worst harvest on record following drought conditions in 2025. Blackberries are ripening a month early. Apple growers are spraying orchards to protect fruit from sunburn. And waters around the UK are now experiencing an extreme marine heatwave that threatens marine species, while milk production is falling and farmers report yields below normal levels. 

Taken individually, these may appear to be isolated incidents. Together, they reveal a food system increasingly exposed to climate-related disruption, from farm to fork – and the consequences stretch far beyond individual crops or farms. The UK Government’s new long-term farming strategy warns that climate change is increasing the risk of food price volatility and shortages, as climate-related disruptions combine with geopolitical instability and supply-chain pressures.

This is not simply about crop losses: it includes reduced forage yields and heat stress for livestock, growing risks to food manufacturers and distributors, and higher import costs for commodities such as coffee, cereals and beef – particular concerns for a country that imports around 38% of its food.

Making better use of what we produce

Even with these stresses, global agriculture still produces more than enough food to feed everyone, with around 3,000 calories available per person per day according to FAO food balance sheet data. The challenge then is not to produce even more food to compensate for the results of climate disruption. It is ensuring that the food we already produce is used as effectively as possible.

Food waste is often viewed as a waste-management problem. In reality, reducing it is one of the biggest opportunities to strengthen food security, reduce emissions and improve economic resilience. 

Were food waste a country, it would be the world’s third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases after the United States and China – generating more emissions than global aviation. Yet when we discuss reducing our carbon footprints, we often talk about flying less, driving less or consuming less. Rarely do we talk about wasting less food. 

Reducing food waste directly strengthens resilience: every tonne of food that reaches a plate rather than a bin eases pressure on agricultural systems already struggling with climate impacts, and as harvests grow less predictable, better use of what we produce will only matter more.

The UK needs a whole systems approach to plug the electricity gap

Electrification is central to decarbonisation and delivering a resilient energy future for the UK. That is the clear message from the Government as they focus on reducing emissions, lowering energy bills and ensuring energy security.

Yet all the solar panels in the world can’t deflect from the reality that the UK’s electricity grid is not cut out for what we’re asking. In a research report published by the British Chambers of Commerce (BCC) in February, businesses called for a “massively expanded grid to enable decarbonisation”.

A warning that echoed concerns the business community had already been raising for years: BCC research in 2023 found that over a third of businesses (37%) disagreed that the national electricity grid was meeting their needs on energy supply, connectivity and future-proofing.

Add to that a growing bill in constraint costs when the system has to turn down generation in one place and pay for it elsewhere because the network is unable to take the strain, and the argument against a clean energy future becomes frighteningly reasonable.

Off-grid, multi-technology solutions offer a way to alleviate this growing frustration by effectively circumventing the grid to get energy where it needs to be, whenever it’s needed. While systems combining solar generation, hydrogen power and smart charging aren’t an alternative to supporting grid improvements, we do need them to help protect public confidence in clean energy reliability.

We need a scrappier approach to achieve an affordable industrial decarbonisation

The UK Government has plans to tackle grid reform and reinforcement, but in the interim, many sites need practical, complementary options. Waiting for every depot or plant site to get the connection upgrade it needs puts projects at risk, as investor confidence sinks and operating costs increase.

A more agile approach could use modular clean power and base it on real demand. This avoids expensive permanent retrofit work in places where the demand is temporary or uncertain. Ofgem has recognised that grid connection delays can cost businesses up to tens of millions of pounds in sunk costs and lost revenue. That isn’t a small bill, and it’ll be footed by developers, investors and ultimately consumers.

The faster the UK can provide credible alternatives and complements to grid-dependent power, the faster it can move clean projects from planning into operation. Vitally, it means decarbonisation efforts across different industries aren’t stalled while they wait for a grid connection.

The Royal Air Force’s recently announced contract with GeoPura is exactly the kind of practical innovation the UK needs. By combining hydrogen, solar and battery technologies with EV charging infrastructure (through partnering with Geo Green Power Ltd and Carbon Point Ltd), GeoPura is delivering clean, self-sufficient power across six operational RAF sites.

The model links several technologies into a single system. Each system operates as a solar-led ‘microgrid’, with hydrogen-enabled power providing resilience during periods of low renewable generation. Sustaining the power each site needs during grid disruption means the teams don’t have to rely on diesel generation, cutting back on emissions and improving air quality.

The Armed Forces need secure, consistent power across different operating conditions, and they need to be sure it won’t fail. The RAF’s backing of hydrogen demonstrates that hydrogen can be that reliable, flexible power source in the most demanding of environments.

A competitive energy system ≠ competing technologies

The UK does not need a culture war between energy producers and innovators. Our businesses, industries and communities need reliable energy that balances cost and availability while moving away from fossil fuels. Electrification, hydrogen and renewables all have distinct but complementary roles in a reliable, clean energy system. Combining technologies will get us there faster than forcing them to compete.

Sir David Attenborough gave nature a voice; now business must embody it

David Attenborough has been the voice of nature for more than 70 years. As he celebrates his 100th birthday, how businesses can be the embodiment of a movement that reverses ecological decline.

it is easy to underestimate how influential Britain’s favourite broadcaster has been for our natural world.

Having first appeared on screens in the 1950s, Sir David’s career spans more than 70 years, enlightening and educating the public on the dependencies, importance and wonders of nature.

Sir David has championed nature through a changing entertainment landscape– from television in black and white all the way up to streaming platforms such as Netflix.

As reported by the Financial Times, Attenborough’s titles on Netflix have generated around 320 million hours of viewing. Our Planet, which debuted in 2019, garnered 30 million hours in 2025 alone.

The technology has changed, how media is consumed has changed, but Attenborough’s message across seven decades of broadcast has been largely consistent; nature is wonderful, and it’s at risk.

Attenborough rarely preached climate activism. His most impactful series use storytelling as the hook, a way to make people care, and caring can lead to change.

The so-called “Blue Planet effect” led to a 53% decline in single-use plastic use amongst consumers in 12 months following the renowned BBC documentary series that Attenborough narrated.

The eternal optimist

 At the Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) Committee hearing in 2019,

Attenborough spoke of the “big change” shaping economies, and how nature degradation and climate breakdown would “cause social unrest, and great changes in the way that we live, and what we eat”.

And also spoke of why he decided to champion nature from a place of passion, rather than lecturing the public on the risks humanity, urbanisation and climate change pose.

He waited until the facts seemed incontrovertible. We actually know that people depend upon the natural world for their very sanity and that in moments of crisis in their lives, the natural world is the one place and the one climate in which they can get solace.

“I’m not, by nature, a propagandist. I started making natural history programmes because I thought there was nothing I would prefer to see more than the beauty of the natural world. And I would love to just go on doing that. That’s what I enjoy.”

In 2026, the total asset value of ecosystem services in the UK stands at £1.5trn, with nature contributing more than £45bn to the economy each year, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) has revealed. The Green Finance Institute has previously estimated that environmental deterioration could lead to a 6-12% GDP loss by the 2030s, equivalent to the economic losses incurred as a result of the coronavirus pandemic. Building, food systems, and even renewable energy are all dependent on nature.

There are lessons here for business. Nature and climate are not propaganda. They may have been politicised, but they are the bedrock on which all decisions should be made.

It seems the corporate world is finally starting to realise this.

More than 730 businesses, financial institutions, and other organisations have pledged to align their reporting with the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) framework.

The International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) is weighing up options to integrate nature and biodiversity into non-financial disclosure frameworks for corporates.

This is a much-needed starting point for businesses to act as the embodiment of nature and align the needs of the planet with strategic plans for resilience and growth. The rise of regenerative agriculture, the continued work on natural capital, and the pioneers who have embedded nature into long-term strategies through ringfenced finance and nature-positive targets are examples that production does not have to be at odds with the planet. Trailblazers such as Faith in Nature have even given nature legal representation and votes in business decisions. 

There is still a long way to go. Less than 1% of the world’s biggest companies mention nature impacts in their annual reporting, according to the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystems Services (IPBES).

Why Recycling Alone Won’t Solve Fashion’s Circularity Problem

Nearly a truckload of textile waste is generated in the EU every second, and only 1% of this waste currently gets recycled back into new clothing, with the rest either ending up in landfill within Europe, or exported to markets in Africa and Asia.

Investigates need to carried out into how materials break down at end of life to incentivise a truly circular fashion industry.

Fashion’s hidden problem at end of life

Around 12.6 million tonnes of textile waste is generated across the EU each year. That’s an insurmountable number to imagine – roughly equivalent to a truckload every second. 

Many of these truckloads are exported and incinerated in countries in the Global South that played little role in the overproduction that created the waste. The result is a familiar pattern of externalised costs – communities on the receiving end live with polluted waterways, air laced with microplastics, and rising health risks.

And so, a move away from incineration is, by any measure, a step forward. But under new EU rules, this waste will now need to be resold, reused or recycled.

On paper, that sounds like progress. In practice, it rests on an assumption that does not hold up. It assumes that these existing systems can absorb the sheer volume and complexity of what is being produced.

The limits of recycling

Currently, only 1% of textile waste material is recycled into new clothing. And that’s not just because the industry lacks ambition, but because recycling as currently practised is structurally limited when it comes to tackling textile waste.

Polyester, nylon and low-grade blended fabrics –  the staples of fast fashion – are, for the most part, unrecyclable. And what can’t be recycled means landfill in Europe, or export to Africa and Asia. The uncomfortable truth is that no scalable technology exists for fashion’s lowest-grade waste, the category that also happens to be the most toxic. Even with new rules against incineration, we still have a growing category of waste that existing systems are not designed to handle.

A radically different approach

Like nature the natural world doesn’t have a surplus problem. That’s because, thanks to decomposition, ecosystems have always turned what one cycle discards into the raw material for the next.

This could be applied to the fashion industry and drive systems change. Current processes largely overlook the potential of decomposition at the end of the textile’s life. Designed decomposition – where materials are engineered to break down safely and completely at end of use.

How decomposition works in practice

In the Netherlands, Circle Economy is combining biological and thermochemical processes to convert hard-to-recycle textiles into biodegradable plastics and other industrial feedstocks – materials that can be used for packaging, coatings and agricultural applications.

In Berlin, the Beneficial Design Institute is using biotechnology to turn low-quality textile waste into high-quality, biodegradable materials. These could be used for medical tools or in construction, helping create more sustainable systems for the fashion industry.

Great Britain’s wind farms achieve record energy generation levels

Generation from wind power in Great Britain reach record levels for the first quarter of 2026, with almost 30 Terrawatt-hours (TWh) produced.

Montel EnAppSys’ Q1 2026 electricity market report found that the first three months of 2026 was a record breaker for wind generation, totalling 29.2 TWh.

Storms Goretti, Ingrid and Chandra elevated wind output levels to both system supply and exports to neighbouring markets.

Overall renewable generation reached 40.3 TWh in Q1 2026, compared to 33.7 TWh in Q1 2025, an increase of 20%.

Increased wind output helped displace other forms of power generation, namely gas, which fell by 16% compared to 2025 levels. Combined Cycle Gas Turbine generation did account for 29% of power generation in total.

Power imports fell from 7.8TWh to 6.1TWh, while nuclear generation fell 7% year on year.

The renewable deployment must continue in order to meet the government’s 2030 clean power targets, the continual curtailment of wind is already pushing the narrative beyond the need for more renewables, focusing more on the effective siting of generation and need for greater grid investment and planning.

Fly-tippers and vandals to be forced into “clean up squads” and slapped with cleaning bill

Fly-tippers and waste vandals could soon be forced to clean up our streets and parks and pay the costs of clearing their mess under new government plans for “clean up squads”.

New Action Plan to be published to tackle waste crime and restore pride in our towns and cities.

To clamp down on these criminals, making sure those responsible clean up and pay up. The Government is handing both the Environment Agency and local authorities the power to boost waste crime enforcement, hand out tougher sentences and tackle illegal dumping faster.

Under the proposals, local authorities would get the powers to issue fly-tippers with so-called conditional cautions instead of being taken to court. These could see offenders complete up to 20 hours of unpaid work, cleaning our streets, parks, and the exact stops they’ve dumped waste. And in a landmark move, councils will be handed new powers to seize money directly from fly-tippers to fund their clean-up operations.

Currently fly-tippers can only be punished after being convicted – through either a significant fine, community sentence, or even prison sentence. The new proposals aim to speed up enforcement, clamp down on fly-tippers and restore pride in our communities.

The new measures will give local authorities yet another tool to fight litter louts and deter them from dumping waste in the first place. They form part of a wide range of tough new powers the government will announce as part of its new Waste Crime Action Plan.

Man handed suspended prison sentence after illegal boiler replacement risks carbon monoxide leak

Poor work carried out deemed ‘immediately dangerous’ and put lives at risk Illegal boiler replacement could have resulted in carbon monoxide poisoning. All gas work must be carried out by registered person. A man has been given a suspended prison sentence after he carried out dangerous and illegal gas work on a property in Bournemouth.

1)   Part of the work carried out was relocating a gas boiler and flue.

2)   The gas boiler flue was not sealed or correctly positioned

Another gas engineer was instructed to carried out an inspection and deemed the boiler to be ‘immediately dangerous’. The gas boiler flue was not sealed or correctly positioned which meant that there was a risk of carbon monoxide leaking into the property.

The matter was reported to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) and an investigation found that the first engineer had no training in gas work and was not registered with the Gas Safe Register (GSR). Carrying out gas work without registration is illegal and potentially dangerous, as unqualified work can lead to gas leaks, fires, explosions, and carbon monoxide poisoning. The Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998 require those undertaking gas work to be Gas Safe registered and to hold the relevant qualifications to demonstrate their competence.

Members of the public are reminded that all gas work must be carried out by a Gas Safe registered engineer. Anyone can check whether an engineer is registered by visiting www.gassaferegister.co.uk or calling 0800 408 5500.

HSE publishes annual work-related ill health and injury statistics for 2024/2025

The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has published its annual statistics on work-related ill health and workplace injuries. The figures also show that 124 workers were killed in work-related accidents in 2024/25, while 59,219 workers sustained a self-reported non-fatal injury in the workplace during the same period.

The statistics reveal that 1.9million workers reported they were suffering from work-related ill health in 2024/25, an estimated 1.0 milliondown to stress, depression or anxiety.

An estimated 40.1 million working days were lost in 2024/25 due to self-reported work-related ill health or injury.

HSE’s statistics also reveal the impact that the work-related ill health and workplace injuries are having on Britain’s economic performance. Preventing or tackling work-related stress can provide significant benefits to employees, improving their experience of work and their overall health; and also to employers including increased productivity, decreased absenteeism and reduced staff turnover

In 2023/24, the estimated annual costs of workplace injury and new cases of work-related ill health reached £22.9 billion.

WWF finds Retailers stagnating on food security progress

The UK grocery market’s stagnation around environmental action is creating a broken food system that is speeding up environmental collapse and creating supply and price volatility, WWF has warned.

CDP estimates that 90% of food sector emissions happen in the supply chain.

The organisation’s latest report, ‘What’s in Store for the Planet’, examined data from 10 major retailers, including Aldi, Asda, Co-op, Marks & Spencer, Tesco and Waitrose, comprising 90% of the UK’s total grocery market.

The report concludes that currently, not enough is being done to deliver systemic change that could help the sector meet 2030 targets. It finds that without immediate action, environmental impacts will increase, threatening food security and driving up food prices.

The report recognised several significant areas of concern: that 2025 targets on deforestation will be missed, with only 1.8% of soy and 3.1% of cocoa being sourced as deforestation and conversion free (DCF) from high-risk areas; that Scope 3 emissions have not been meaningfully reduced; that retailers are not addressing protein diversification, with unsustainable meat still sold at double the target; and that there has been limited progress in improving livestock production standards.

Recommendations

Progress is being made on Scopes 1 and 2, with retailers around 49% of the way towards meeting their targets in these areas, up 12 percentage points from 2024. Palm oil has also seen a 10% increase in DCF sourcing since 2024.

Given the potential effect of collective action on the sector’s sustainability targets, WWF recommended the food industry immediately table the risk posed by climate change on future commercial viability, embedding sustainability in both short- and long-term business decisions. The organisation cited this as a ‘duty’ to ensure retailers continue being able to stock goods.

The WWF also highlighted their own ‘Blueprint for Action’ as a system retailers could follow to achieve their targets. It argued that while many retailers are taking targeted action, a more dramatic scaling of investment and action was needed from government, industry and the finance sector to ensure the food system remained resilient.

Bread, chocolate, milk, meat and coffee are the products most at risk of price volatility due to drought and heavy rainfall, the report stated.

The way that food is currently produced it is contributing to climate change and devastating our natural world. It is only by protecting the environment that we can maintain the ability to grow healthy and affordable food for everyone. Drought, floods and other severe weather events are already creating food price inflation which every consumer is feeling in their pocket.

So this raises questions about whether supermarkets will, in the years and decades to come, be able to provide the wide range of produce we currently take for granted and at an affordable price.

National Trust and Admiral partner on £600k natural flood prevention projects

The National Trust and financial services firm Admiral have launched a three-year partnership to scale nature-based flood management across upland landscapes in England and Wales.

National Trust and Admiral partner on £600k natural flood prevention projects

The programme is backed by £600,000 from Admiral Group’s Green Fund and will restore degraded habitats to slow water flow, store carbon and improve biodiversity in three sites: Eryri (Snowdonia), the Holnicote Estate in Somerset and the Lake District.

With one in six UK homes already at risk of flooding, projected to rise to one in four by 2050, the effort is a practical response to intensifying climate impacts. The programme will use proven interventions such as rewetting bogs, reshaping eroded peat and creating ponds to hold water higher in the catchment, reducing peak flows downstream.

The approach is designed to deliver co-benefits: cutting carbon emissions from degraded peatlands, improving water quality and rebuilding habitats for threatened species.

Getting bogged down

Work has begun on the Migneint blanket bog, one of Wales’s largest and most biodiverse upland peatland systems. Over the next three years, a £180,000 project will restore around 12 hectares of severely eroded peat.

Contractors are reprofiling peat hags, installing peat dams and creating shallow pools to raise the water table and encourage the return of sphagnum moss. Rewetting is expected to reduce carbon loss from exposed peat and slow runoff into tributaries of the Afon Conwy, where heavy rainfall can trigger flooding through the Conwy Valley.

Peatlands cover 10% of the UK’s total land area, but Defra estimates that 87% of England’s peatlands are degraded. Key drivers of peatland damage include changing weather patterns, land-use change for business purposes and peat extraction.

The ecological benefits of the Migneint blanket bog project, alongside flood prevention, include softer, wetter ground to support wading birds and boost invertebrate life. Early signs of landscape recovery are expected by summer 2026 as vegetation establishes.

Restoration will pause in spring to protect ground-nesting birds.

The Migneint activity builds on years of peatland work under the Uwch Conwy project and contributes to long-term goals for the Special Area of Conservation, returning it to be a healthy and functional blanket bog – a wetland rich in wildlife.

Working alongside the community, tenant farmers and others, demonstrates investment in nature will directly circle back to supporting the communities for generations to come.

UK flood risks rising

recent analysis by the Infrastructure Policy Advancement (IPA) think tank has warned that flood clean-up and recovery could cost UK councils up to £566m each year as extreme climate risks increase.

In an examination of data from 382 districts, the IPA found that 57% of councils’ sewer systems had been overwhelmed in the last decade, pointing to critical gaps in infrastructure capacity amid intensifying weather patterns.

Admiral are investing in natural flood management solutions to strengthen flood resilience for people and nature. Protecting people’s homes means taking action beyond insurance by building understanding and resilience to the impact of the changing climate and extreme weather events.

UK employers at a crossroads: The HR imperatives of the green transition

 The Climate School has released a new white paper, The Focus of HR Challenges in the UK, shedding light on the growing role of human resources in navigating the green transition. As the UK faces increasing pressure to decarbonise its economy, whilst tackling one of Europe’s most severe skills shortages, the report offers a timely roadmap.

The white paper was designed to help HR professionals in the UK understand the scale of transformation ahead and take action with clarity and purpose. And reveals that HR managers are no longer satisfied with simply supporting change, they are expected to lead it. Whether redefining jobs, upskilling teams or rethinking recruitment, benefits and targets, HR must now become the strategic driver of climate resilience and workforce alignment.

The green transition, like the digital revolution before it, is structurally reshaping organisations. Not only will this have a technological and operational impact, the green transition will also affect the culture, development, and personnel of organisations.

Skills, purpose and climate: the new talent equation

Structured into three core chapters, this white paper aims to equip HR leaders with the insights and tools to act. It explores how working conditions must evolve in response to environmental risks such as extreme heat or resource scarcity.

Additionally, the white paper considers how HR teams can contribute to their organisation’s decarbonisation trajectory and foster collective engagement by embedding ecological values into workplace culture. Throughout, the report draws on current UK-specific data, expert interviews, and emerging best practices.

A key finding of the report is the scale at which labour has already transformed. According to the International Labour Organization (ILO), the green transition could generate up to 100 million new jobs worldwide by 2030, provided social inclusion is built into the process*. In the UK alone, the government has set a target of two million green jobs by the end of the decade, requiring significant upskilling and new talent strategies across sectors.

The challenge is considerable: four million workers will need to upskill in the UK by 2035 to meet the needs of the green economy.

In addition, workforce expectations are rapidly evolving. Environmental commitments are now a decisive factor in employer appeal – 72% of Gen Z and 71% of millennials in the UK consider environmental credentials important when evaluating job offers. Interestingly, 46% of Gen Z and 42% of millennials report having already changed roles or are planning to do so due to environmental concerns.**

From risk to opportunity: HR as a catalyst for transformation

Given the pressure on the labour force to drastically upskill within the next ten years, the report calls for immediate action. HR professionals are uniquely positioned to help companies move from reactive compliance to proactive adaptation. This includes integrating sustainability into employer branding, designing climate-conscious benefits and wellness programmes, and embedding ecological considerations into organisational culture.

It also underlines the importance of placing training and skills development at the heart of HR strategies, making ESG integration not just the next step but the foundation of tomorrow’s workforce.

Government launches Electric Car Grant with £1,500 discount on first approved models

The UK Government has confirmed the first vehicles eligible under its new Electric Car Grant (ECG), offering drivers a £1,500 discount on select electric vehicles (EVs).

Four Citroën models are the first to be approved: the ë-C3, e-C4, ë-C5 and ë-Berlingo. The discount will be applied automatically at the time of purchase, with no action required from buyers. More vehicle models are expected to be confirmed in the coming weeks.

Launched in mid-July, the ECG offers discounts of up to £3,750 on new zero-emission vehicles priced at £37,000 or less.

The level of discount depends on how each model scores against strict sustainability criteria. Higher-ranking vehicles in band one can receive the full £3,750, while band two models qualify for £1,500.

Funding is provided directly to manufacturers on a first-come, first-served basis, with no need for customers to apply themselves.

The grant will remain in place until at least the 2028–29 financial year, subject to available funding.

 The UK Governmenthave stated that the first four models approved and more to come over the next few weeks, this summer we’re making owning an electric car cheaper, easier and a reality for thousands more people across the UK.

Delivering the Plan for Change by standing firmly on the side of motorists and manufacturers, driving down costs for consumers, supporting jobs and putting money back in people’s pockets.

Easing EV uptake

This comes as the automotive sector faces significant pressure to meet EV regulatory requirements amid slowing consumer demand and rising compliance costs.

Registrations of electric cars in the UK were up almost 26% year-on-year in May. But while fleet managers have increasing access to affordable light-duty vehicles, uptake among individual motorists has been weaker.

The market shift to EVs is not keeping pace with expectations, citing weak consumer demand and increasing regulatory burdens. 

Volvo also revised its all-electric target for 2030, now allowing up to 10% of sales to come from plug-in hybrids. The company pointed to delays in charging infrastructure and the scaling back of government incentives as key obstacles.